n support of A Promise Renewed, this year’s annual report focuses on newborn survival. Neonatal deaths account for 44 per cent of all under-five deaths, so addressing neonatal mortality is a crucial component to ending preventable child deaths. This report not only discusses levels and trends in under-five and neonatal mortality since 1990, but it also analyzes key interventions for mothers and their newborns, highlighting a gap between contact with the health system and the quality of care received.