Tag: Urbanisation
Slums are densely populated, neglected parts of cities where housing and living conditions are exceptionally poor. In-situ slum upgrading, at its basic level, involves improving the physical environment of the existing area, such as improving and installing basic infrastructure like water, sanitation, solid waste collection, electricity, storm water drainage, access roads and footpaths, and street… Read more
The world is becoming more urban every day, and the process has been ongoing since the industrial revolution in the 18th century. The United Nations now estimates that 3.9 billion people live in urban centres. The rapid influx of residents is however not universal and the developed countries are already urban, but the big rise… Read more
The world is undergoing a process of rapid urbanisation. In 1950, less than 30 per cent of the world’s population lived in cities and towns. That figure has now increased to over 50 per cent and is expected to reach 60 per cent by 2030. A growing number and proportion of the world’s refugees are also to… Read more
Urbanisation presents a set of challenges and opportunities for tackling undernutrition in low- and middle-income countries where DFID works. This evidence review considers the scale of urbanisation in these countries, appraises what works in urban settings and how this context differs from the rural context with regard to nutrition programming, and identifies the main evidence… Read more
The process of urbanisation entails social improvements with the consequential better quality-of-life for urban residents. However, in many low-income and some middle-income countries, urbanisation conveys inequality and exclusion. This paper describes how, in cities of low- and middle-income countries, social exclusion contributes to urban health inequities via inequities in social infrastructure including health care, education, employment and… Read more
On average, urban health levels are better than those in rural areas. However, averages can be misleading: once the data are disaggregated, it is clear that the urban poor face health risks often as high as and sometimes worse than those of rural residents, despite the proximity of modern health services (UNFPA, 2012). This report… Read more
Ebola has had significant, negative effects in the rapidly expanding, unregulated areas of peri-urban and urban West Africa. The residents of these areas maintain vital connections with rural populations while intermingling with and living in close proximity to urban and elite populations. These interconnections fuel the spread of Ebola. The degradation of natural resources, temporary… Read more
This report includes sections on: Burden: This section includes cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular disease and the evolution of NCDs in developing countries; in 1990 they caused 47% of all deaths, 56% in 2000 and it is estimated they will cause 69% of deaths in 2020. Age Structure: Studies have found that NCD risk factors increase… Read more