In both regular and emergency settings, quality early childhood foundations can help ensure a smooth transition to primary school, a better chance of completing basic education, and a route out of poverty and disadvantage. Through positive influences on learning achievement, skills acquisition, and health outcomes, early childhood development (ECD) interventions provide a pathway to the eradication of extreme poverty—a primary goal of the Millennium Development Goals. It is also widely acknowledged that investing in early childhood interventions is more effective and less costly than investing in remedial interventions at later points in time.